Chú thích Danh_sách_sao_lớn_nhất

  1. 1 2 3 Arroyo-Torres, B; Wittkowski, M; Marcaide, J. M; Hauschildt, P. H (tháng 6 năm 2013). “The atmospheric structure and fundamental parameters of the red supergiants AH Scorpii, UY Scuti, and KW Sagittarii”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 554 (A76): A76. Bibcode:2013A&A...554A..76A. arXiv:1305.6179. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220920. 
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 De Beck, E.; Decin, L.; De Koter, A.; Justtanont, K.; Verhoelst, T.; Kemper, F.; Menten, K. M. (2010). “Probing the mass-loss history of AGB and red supergiant stars from CO rotational line profiles. II. CO line survey of evolved stars: Derivation of mass-loss rate formulae”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 523: A18. Bibcode:2010A&A...523A..18D. arXiv:1008.1083. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913771. 
  3. ↑ Zhang, B.; Reid, M. J.; Menten, K. M.; Zheng, X. W.; Brunthaler, A. (2012). “The distance and size of the red hypergiant NML Cygni from VLBA and VLA astrometry”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 544: A42. Bibcode:2012A&A...544A..42Z. arXiv:1207.1850. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219587. 
  4. ↑ Levesque, Emily M; Massey, Philip; Plez, Bertrand; Olsen, Knut A. G (tháng 6 năm 2009). “The Physical Properties of the Red Supergiant WOH G64: The Largest Star Known?”. Astronomical Journal 137 (6): 4744. Bibcode:2009AJ....137.4744L. arXiv:0903.2260. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/137/6/4744. 
  5. ↑ Humphreys, R. M. (1978). “Studies of luminous stars in nearby galaxies. I. Supergiants and O stars in the Milky Way”. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 38: 309. Bibcode:1978ApJS...38..309H. doi:10.1086/190559. 
  6. ↑ Davies, Ben; Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter; Figer, Donald F. (2010). “The potential of red supergiants as extragalactic abundance probes at low spectral resolution”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 407 (2): 1203. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.407.1203D. arXiv:1005.1008. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16965.x. 
  7. ↑ Wright, Nicholas J; Wesson, Roger; Drew, Janet E; Barentsen, Geert; Barlow, Michael J; Walsh, Jeremy R; Zijlstra, Albert; Drake, Jeremy J; Eislöffel, Jochen; Farnhill, Hywel J (2014). “The ionized nebula surrounding the red supergiant W26 in Westerlund 1”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 437: L1. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.437L...1W. arXiv:1309.4086. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slt127. 
  8. ↑ Clark, J. S.; Ritchie, B. W.; Negueruela, I.; Crowther, P. A.; Damineli, A.; Jablonski, F. J.; Langer, N. (2011). “A VLT/FLAMES survey for massive binaries in Westerlund 1. III. The WC9d binary W239 and implications for massive stellar evolution”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 531: A28. Bibcode:2011A&A...531A..28C. arXiv:1105.0776. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116990. 
  9. 1 2 3 4 Mauron, N.; Josselin, E. (2011). “The mass-loss rates of red supergiants and the de Jager prescription”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 526: A156. Bibcode:2011A&A...526A.156M. arXiv:1010.5369. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201013993. 
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Table 4 in Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip; Olsen, K. A. G.; Plez, Bertrand; Josselin, Eric; Maeder, Andre; Meynet, Georges (2005). “The Effective Temperature Scale of Galactic Red Supergiants: Cool, but Not as Cool as We Thought”. The Astrophysical Journal 628 (2): 973. Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..973L. arXiv:astro-ph/0504337. doi:10.1086/430901. 
  11. 1 2 Wittkowski, M.; Hauschildt, P. H.; Arroyo-Torres, B.; Marcaide, J. M. (2012). “Fundamental properties and atmospheric structure of the red supergiant VY Canis Majoris based on VLTI/AMBER spectro-interferometry”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 540: L12. Bibcode:2012A&A...540L..12W. arXiv:1203.5194. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219126. 
  12. ↑ Choi, Yoon Kyung và đồng nghiệp (2008). “Distance to VY CMa with VERA”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan (Publications Astronomical Society of Japan) 60 (5): 1007. Bibcode:2008PASJ...60.1007C. arXiv:0808.0641. doi:10.1093/pasj/60.5.1007. 
  13. ↑ Ridpath & Tirion 2001, tr. 112–113.Lỗi sfn: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFRidpathTirion2001 (trợ giúp)
  14. ↑ Bauer, W. H.; Gull, T. R.; Bennett, P. D. (2008). “Spatial Extension in the Ultraviolet Spectrum of Vv Cephei”. The Astronomical Journal 136 (3): 1312. Bibcode:2008AJ....136.1312H. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/136/3/1312. 
  15. ↑
  16. 1 2 Josselin, E.; Plez, B. (2007). “Atmospheric dynamics and the mass loss process in red supergiant stars”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 469 (2): 671–680. Bibcode:2007A&A...469..671J. arXiv:0705.0266. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20066353. 
  17. ↑ Tsuji, Takashi (2000). “Water in Emission in the Infrared Space Observatory Spectrum of the Early M Supergiant Star μ Cephei”. The Astrophysical Journal Letters 540 (2): 99–102. Bibcode:2000ApJ...540L..99T. arXiv:astro-ph/0008058. doi:10.1086/312879. 
  18. ↑ Gvaramadze, V. V.; Menten, K. M.; Kniazev, A. Y.; Langer, N.; MacKey, J.; Kraus, A.; Meyer, D. M.-A.; Kamiński, T. (2014). “IRC -10414: A bow-shock-producing red supergiant star”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 437: 843. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.437..843G. arXiv:1310.2245. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1943. 
  19. ↑ Kusuno, K.; Asaki, Y.; Imai, H.; Oyama, T. (2013). “Distance and Proper Motion Measurement of the Red Supergiant, Pz Cas, in Very Long Baseline Interferometry H2O Maser Astrometry”. The Astrophysical Journal 774 (2): 107. Bibcode:2013ApJ...774..107K. arXiv:1308.3580. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/774/2/107. 
  20. ↑ Massey, Philip; Levesque, Emily M.; Olsen, K. A. G.; Plez, Bertrand; Skiff, B. A. (2007). “HV 11423: The Coolest Supergiant in the SMC”. The Astrophysical Journal 660: 301. Bibcode:2007ApJ...660..301M. arXiv:astro-ph/0701769. doi:10.1086/513182. 
  21. ↑ Paumard, T; Pfuhl, O; Martins, F; Kervella, P; Ott, T; Pott, J.-U; Le Bouquin, J. B; Breitfelder, J; Gillessen, S; Perrin, G; Burtscher, L; Haubois, X; Brandner, W (2014). “GCIRS 7, a pulsating M1 supergiant at the Galactic centre. Physical properties and age”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 568: A85. Bibcode:2014A&A...568A..85P. arXiv:1406.5320. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423991. 
  22. ↑ Ramstedt, S.; Schöier, F. L.; Olofsson, H. (2009). “Circumstellar molecular line emission from S-type AGB stars: mass-loss rates and SiO abundances”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 499 (2): 515–527. Bibcode:2009A&A...499..515R. arXiv:0903.1672. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200911730. 
  23. ↑ Ramstedt, S.; Schöier, F. L.; Olofsson, H.; Lundgren, A. A. (2006). “Mass-loss properties of S-stars on the AGB”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 454 (2): L103. Bibcode:2006A&A...454L.103R. arXiv:astro-ph/0605664. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065285. 
  24. ↑ Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, P.; Zytkow, A. N.; Morrell, N. (1 tháng 9 năm 2014). “Discovery of a Thorne-̇Żytkow object candidate in the Small Magellanic Cloud”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 443: L94. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.443L..94L. arXiv:1406.0001. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slu080. 
  25. ↑ Arroyo-Torres, B.; Wittkowski, M.; Chiavassa, A.; Scholz, M.; Freytag, B.; Marcaide, J. M.; Hauschildt, P. H.; Wood, P. R.; Abellan, F. J. (2015). “What causes the large extensions of red supergiant atmospheres?. Comparisons of interferometric observations with 1D hydrostatic, 3D convection, and 1D pulsating model atmospheres”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 575: A50. Bibcode:2015A&A...575A..50A. arXiv:1501.01560. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425212. 
  26. ↑ "Antares: Betelgeuse's Neglected Twin" Aavso.org.
  27. ↑ Baron, F.; Monnier, J. D.; Kiss, L. L.; Neilson, H. R.; Zhao, M.; Anderson, M.; Aarnio, A.; Pedretti, E.; Thureau, N.; Ten Brummelaar, T. A.; Ridgway, S. T.; McAlister, H. A.; Sturmann, J.; Sturmann, L.; Turner, N. (2014). “CHARA/MIRC Observations of Two M Supergiants in Perseus OB1: Temperature, Bayesian Modeling, and Compressed Sensing Imaging”. The Astrophysical Journal 785: 46. Bibcode:2014ApJ...785...46B. arXiv:1405.4032. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/785/1/46. 
  28. ↑ Stickland, D. J. (1985). “IRAS observations of the cool galactic hypergiants”. The Observatory 105: 229. Bibcode:1985Obs...105..229S. 
  29. 1 2 Bergeat, J.; Chevallier, L. (2005). “The mass loss of C-rich giants”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 429: 235. Bibcode:2005A&A...429..235B. arXiv:astro-ph/0601366. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041280. pp. 235-246. 
  30. ↑ “Carina Constellation: Facts, Myth, Star Map, Major Stars, Deep Sky Objects | Constellation Guide”. www.constellation-guide.com (bằng tiếng en-US). Truy cập ngày 28 tháng 10 năm 2017.  Bảo trì CS1: Ngôn ngữ không rõ (link)
  31. ↑ Fok, Thomas K. T.; Nakashima, Jun-Ichi; Yung, Bosco H. K.; Hsia, Chih-Hao; Deguchi, Shuji (2012). “Maser Observations of Westerlund 1 and Comprehensive Considerations on Maser Properties of Red Supergiants Associated with Massive Clusters”. The Astrophysical Journal 760: 65. Bibcode:2012ApJ...760...65F. arXiv:1209.6427. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/760/1/65. 
  32. ↑ Wasatonic, Richard P.; Guinan, Edward F.; Durbin, Allyn J. (2015). “V-Band, Near-IR, and TiO Photometry of the Semi-Regular Red Supergiant TV Geminorum: Long-Term Quasi-Periodic Changes in Temperature, Radius, and Luminosity”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 127 (956): 1010. Bibcode:2015PASP..127.1010W. doi:10.1086/683261. 
  33. ↑ http://www.newforestobservatory.com/2012/07/02/the-second-reddest-star-in-the-sky-119-tauri-ce-tauri/
  34. ↑ Hofmann, K.-H.; Eberhardt, M.; Driebe, T.; Schertl, D.; Scholz, M.; Schoeller, M.; Weigelt, G.; Wittkowski, M.; Woodruff, H. C. (2005). “Interferometric observations of the Mira star o Ceti with the VLTI/VINCI instrument in the near-infrared”. Proceedings of the 13th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars 560: 651. Bibcode:2005ESASP.560..651H. 
  35. ↑ Gorlova, N.; Lobel, A.; Burgasser, A. J.; Rieke, G. H.; Ilyin, I.; Stauffer, J. R. (2006). “On the CO Near‐Infrared Band and the Line‐splitting Phenomenon in the Yellow Hypergiant ρ Cassiopeiae”. The Astrophysical Journal 651 (2): 1130–1150. Bibcode:2006ApJ...651.1130G. arXiv:astro-ph/0607158. doi:10.1086/507590. 
  36. ↑ Woodruff, H. C.; Eberhardt, M.; Driebe, T.; Hofmann, K.-H. và đồng nghiệp (2004). “Interferometric observations of the Mira star o Ceti with the VLTI/VINCI instrument in the near-infrared”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 421 (2): 703–714. Bibcode:2004A&A...421..703W. arXiv:astro-ph/0404248. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20035826. 
  37. ↑ Nieuwenhuijzen, H.; De Jager, C.; Kolka, I.; Israelian, G.; Lobel, A.; Zsoldos, E.; Maeder, A.; Meynet, G. (2012). “The hypergiant HR 8752 evolving through the yellow evolutionary void”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 546: A105. Bibcode:2012A&A...546A.105N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117166. 
  38. ↑ A. B. Men'shchikov1, Y. Balega, T. Blöcker, R. Osterbart, and G.Weigelt (2001). “Structure and physical properties of the rapidly evolving dusty envelope of IRC +10 216 reconstructed by detailed two-dimensional radiative transfer modeling”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020954. 
  39. ↑ Tylenda, R.; Kamiński, T.; Schmidt, M.; Kurtev, R.; Tomov, T. (2011). “High-resolution optical spectroscopy of V838 Monocerotis in 2009”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 532: A138. Bibcode:2011A&A...532A.138T. arXiv:1103.1763. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116858. 
  40. ↑ Lamers, H. J. G. L. M. (February 6–10, 1995). “Observations and Interpretation of Luminous Blue Variables”. Proceedings of IAU Colloquium 155, Astrophysical applications of stellar pulsation. Astrophysical applications of stellar pulsation. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series 83 (Cape Town, South Africa: Astronomical Society of the Pacific): 176–191. Bibcode:1995ASPC...83..176L. 
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  42. ↑ Najarro, F.; Figer, D. F.; Hillier, D. J.; Geballe, T. R.; Kudritzki, R. P. (2009). “Metallicity in the Galactic Center: The Quintuplet Cluster”. The Astrophysical Journal 691 (2): 1816. Bibcode:2009ApJ...691.1816N. arXiv:0809.3185. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/691/2/1816. 
  43. ↑ Luttermoser, Donald G.; Brown, Alexander (1992). “A VLA 3.6 centimeter survey of N-type carbon stars”. Astrophysical Journal 384: 634. Bibcode:1992ApJ...384..634L. doi:10.1086/170905. 
  44. ↑ Moravveji, Ehsan; Guinan, Edward F.; Khosroshahi, Habib; Wasatonic, Rick (2013). “The Age and Mass of the α Herculis Triple-star System from a MESA Grid of Rotating Stars with 1.3 <= M/M ⊙ <= 8.0”. The Astronomical Journal 146 (6): 148. Bibcode:2013AJ....146..148M. arXiv:1308.1632. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/146/6/148. 
  45. ↑ Kashi, A.; Soker, N. (2010). “Periastron Passage Triggering of the 19th Century Eruptions of Eta Carinae”. The Astrophysical Journal 723: 602. Bibcode:2010ApJ...723..602K. arXiv:0912.1439. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/723/1/602. 
  46. ↑ Schiller, F.; Przybilla, N. (2008). “Quantitative spectroscopy of Deneb”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 479 (3): 849–858. Bibcode:2008A&A...479..849S. arXiv:0712.0040. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078590. 
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  48. ↑ Barniske, A.; Oskinova, L. M.; Hamann, W. -R. (2008). “Two extremely luminous WN stars in the Galactic center with circumstellar emission from dust and gas”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 486 (3): 971. Bibcode:2008A&A...486..971B. arXiv:0807.2476. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809568. 
  49. ↑ Moravveji, Ehsan; Guinan, Edward F.; Shultz, Matt; Williamson, Michael H.; Moya, Andres (tháng 3 năm 2012). “Asteroseismology of the nearby SN-II Progenitor: Rigel. Part I. The MOST High-precision Photometry and Radial Velocity Monitoring”. The Astrophysical Journal 747 (1): 108–115. Bibcode:2012ApJ...747..108M. arXiv:1201.0843. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/747/2/108. 
  50. ↑ Cruzalebes, P.; Jorissen, A.; Rabbia, Y.; Sacuto, S.; Chiavassa, A.; Pasquato, E.; Plez, B.; Eriksson, K.; Spang, A.; Chesneau, O. (2013). “Fundamental parameters of 16 late-type stars derived from their angular diameter measured with VLTI/AMBER”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 434 (1): 437–450. Bibcode:2013MNRAS.434..437C. arXiv:1306.3288. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1037. 
  51. ↑ Richichi, A.; Roccatagliata, V. (2005). “Aldebaran's angular diameter: how well do we know it?”. Astronomy and Astrophysics 433: 305–312. Bibcode:2005A&A...433..305R. arXiv:astro-ph/0502181. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041765. 
  52. ↑ Fadeyev, Y. A. (2015). “Evolutionary status of Polaris”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 449: 1011. Bibcode:2015MNRAS.449.1011F. arXiv:1502.06463. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv412. 
  53. ↑ Crowther, P. A.; Schnurr, O.; Hirschi, R.; Yusof, N.; Parker, R. J.; Goodwin, S. P.; Kassim, H. A. (2010). “The R136 star cluster hosts several stars whose individual masses greatly exceed the accepted 150 M⊙ stellar mass limit”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 408 (2): 731. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.408..731C. arXiv:1007.3284. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17167.x. 
  54. ↑ I. Ramírez; C. Allende Prieto (tháng 12 năm 2011). “Fundamental Parameters and Chemical Composition of Arcturus”. The Astrophysical Journal 743 (2): 135. Bibcode:2011ApJ...743..135R. arXiv:1109.4425. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/743/2/135. 
  55. ↑ Ziółkowski, J. (2005), “Evolutionary constraints on the masses of the components of HDE 226868/Cyg X-1 binary system”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 358 (3): 851–859, Bibcode:2005MNRAS.358..851Z, arXiv:astro-ph/0501102, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08796.x  Note: for radius and luminosity, see Table 1 with d=2 kpc.
  56. ↑ Wright, K. O. (1977). “The system of VV Cephei derived from an analysis of the H-alpha line”. Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 71: 152. Bibcode:1977JRASC..71..152W. 
  57. ↑ Hack, M.; Engin, S.; Yilmaz, N.; Sedmak, G.; Rusconi, L.; Boehm, C. (1992). “Spectroscopic study of the atmospheric eclipsing binary VV Cephei”. Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series (ISSN0365-0138) 95: 589. Bibcode:1992A&AS...95..589H. 
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